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What are the 3 Ps of temporary works?

People, Process, and Product

The three Ps of temporary works are: People, Process, and Product

The most common causes of temporary works failures stem from the “3 Ps”. Human factors such as inadequate competence, poor communication, and lack of supervision are the primary contributors.

Other key failures can include inadequate design, incorrect assembly and construction, unstable foundations, unforeseen site conditions, unauthorised modifications to designs, and insufficient inspection of the works.

It goes without saying that ensuring all factors are managed properly is crucial to site safety.

3 Ps of Temporary Works

 

Let us look at the 3 Ps of temporary works in isolation

People factors of temporary works

  • Incompetence & Negligence:

Lack of the necessary skills, experience, or training can lead to design errors, oversight, or poor execution.

  • Lack of Communication:

Misunderstandings between designers, engineers, and site staff about design assumptions, load limits, or site conditions are frequent causes of failure.

  • Poor Supervision & Coordination:

A lack of proper supervision, a designated Temporary Works Coordinator (TWC), or a formal procedure for managing temporary works increases risk.

 

Process factors of temporary works

  • Inadequate Design Process:

This includes insufficient design briefs, designs that do not account for site conditions or loads, and a lack of appropriate design checking.

  • Unapproved Changes:

Making unauthorised changes to a temporary works design on-site without reference to the designer can compromise its integrity.

  • Poor Construction & Assembly:

The temporary works may be poorly constructed, not built to the approved design specifications, or not inspected adequately during and after erection.

  • Insufficient Inspections:

Failing to perform regular, thorough checks throughout the construction and use of the temporary works can miss critical issues like overloading or deformation.

 

Product factors of temporary works

  • Inadequate Foundations:

Temporary works must be founded on stable ground; inadequate or poorly prepared foundations can lead to instability.

  • Overloading:

Failure to control the loads placed on temporary works, or not being aware of the equipment’s capacity, can lead to collapse.

  • Poor Equipment/Materials:

Using inappropriate or damaged equipment, or not having the correct materials for the task, can compromise the temporary works.

  • Lack of Stability:

Inadequate lateral stability for the temporary works is a common design oversight that can lead to collapse.

 

How can you overcome the potential risks of temporary works?

Temporary Works Training

Training is key to ensuring competence and compliance on a construction site of any kind. Training is crucial to temporary works because there are so many factors to consider which ensure the success of a project. The roles of temporary works coordinators and temporary works supervisors cannot be understated for site safety.

 

Design, erection, and maintenance of temporary structures

To effectively control temporary works risks, crucial steps include ensuring proper design, erection, and maintenance of temporary structures. This involves a series of actions including competent design by qualified professionals, rigorous checking of the design and the erected structure, and regular monitoring and maintenance throughout the work’s lifespan.

Here is why this is so critical:

  • Design:

Temporary works must be designed to withstand anticipated loads and conditions, considering factors like weather, ground conditions, and the intended use.

  • Erection:

The erection of temporary structures must be conducted according to the approved design, using competent personnel and appropriate equipment.

  • Maintenance:

Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to identify and address any potential issues that may arise during the use of temporary works.

 

In addition to these core actions, the following are also important for temporary works risk management:

A TWC is responsible for overseeing the entire temporary works process, ensuring designs are suitable, checks are conducted, and the works are properly managed.

This procedure should outline the steps involved in managing temporary works, from design to dismantling, and should be followed by all personnel involved.

  • Conduct regular inspections and maintenance:

This is crucial for identifying and addressing any potential problems before they lead to accidents or failures.

  • Ensure proper communication and coordination:

Clear communication and coordination between all parties involved in the project is essential for the safe management of temporary works.

  • Monitor weather and ground conditions:

Temporary works can be affected by weather and ground conditions, so it is important to monitor these factors and take appropriate action if necessary.

 

Click to book your seat on a Temporary Works Coordinator Training Course or on a Temporary Works Supervisors Training Course with 3B Training.

You can also refresh your Temporary Works Coordinator skills here.

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